El rol del nitrógeno orgánico en el desarrollo de mecanismos de resistencia a estrés en especies del género Pinus.

Autores/as

  • José Ángel Sigala Rodríguez Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
  • Mercedes Uscola Fernández Universidad de Alcalá
  • Juan Antonio Oliet Palá Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31167/csecfv0i45.19489

Resumen

Las plantas pueden usar múltiples fuentes de nitrógeno (N), tanto inorgánicas como orgánicas (aminoácidos intactos o proteínas). El bajo coste metabólico del N orgánico podría redundar en un mayor crecimiento o en aumento de tolerancia a factores de estrés, lo que favorecería el éxito de las plantaciones. Sin embargo, su uso de N orgánico en fertilización apenas se ha estudiado y menos el rol que juega en promover resistencia a factores de estrés abiótico en las plantas. Se estudió el efecto de la fertilización con aminoácidos, como fuente de N, sobre el crecimiento y resistencia a estrés por sequía o frío en plantas del género Pinus, ya que son las especies más frecuentemente utilizadas en proyectos de restauración. Los resultados mostraron que el N orgánico fue tan eficiente como las fuentes inorgánicas promoviendo el crecimiento y estado nutricional de las plantas. Si bien a priori, en ausencia de aclimatación, el N orgánico no indicó grandes ventajas en tolerancia a sequía, tras un periodo de aclimatación, en plantas fertilizadas con N orgánico se optimizó la concentración de prolina y pigmentos fotosintéticos. Además, aunque el endurecimiento a frio fue un poco más tardío en las plantas fertilizadas con N orgánico, presentaron mayor y más prolongada tolerancia a heladas en el invierno. Los resultados indican que el N orgánico puede ser usado como una alternativa viable en programas fertilización de los viveros forestales, optimizando las características de resistencia en las plantas sin afectar su calidad morfológica.

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Publicado

2019-09-11

Cómo citar

Sigala Rodríguez, J. Ángel, Uscola Fernández, M., & Oliet Palá, J. A. (2019). El rol del nitrógeno orgánico en el desarrollo de mecanismos de resistencia a estrés en especies del género Pinus. Cuadernos De La Sociedad Española De Ciencias Forestales, 45(2), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.31167/csecfv0i45.19489

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Sección

Sección especial: Repoblaciones Forestales

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